UConfucius uthe, "uma ufuna ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle, kumele uqale ucije amathuluzi akho."
Ngokuvamile, ngokwendlela yokudaya yendwangu edayiwe, ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezinhlanu zemishini yokudaya, njengefayibha exekethile, i-sliver, intambo, indwangu kanye nengubo.
Umshini wokudaya we-fiber oxekethile
1. Iqoqo lomshini wokudaya we-fiber oxekethile
Yakhiwe ngesigubhu sokushaja, ithangi lokudaya eliyindilinga kanye nephampu ejikelezayo (njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni).Umgqomo uneshubhu emaphakathi, futhi udonga lomgqomo kanye neshubhu eliphakathi kugcwele izimbobo ezincane.Faka i-fiber esigubhuni, uyibeke ethangini lokudaya, ufake isixazululo sokudaya, qala iphampu ejikelezayo, bese ushisa ukudaya.Isixazululo sikadayi sigeleza siphuma epayipini elimaphakathi lesigubhu, sidlule ku-fiber kanye nodonga lwesigubhu sisuka ngaphakathi siye ngaphandle, bese sibuyela epayipini eliphakathi ukuze sakhe ukujikeleza.Eminye imishini yokudaya ngobuningi be-fiber yenziwe ngepani elicijile, ithange lokudaya kanye nephampu ejikelezayo.Iphansi elingelona iqiniso kanye nesivalo se-conical pan kugcwele izimbobo.Lapho udaya, faka i-fiber evulekile ebhodweni, uyimboze ngokuqinile, bese uyifaka ethangini lokudaya.Uketshezi oludayayo lugeleza luphuma embozweni yebhodwe lusuka phansi luye phezulu ludlule phansi okungamanga ngepompo elijikelezayo ukuze lwenza umjikelezo wokudaya.
2. Umshini wokudaya we-fiber oxekethile oqhubekayo
Yakhiwe nge-hopper, ibhande lokuthutha, i-rolling roller, ibhokisi le-steam, njll. I-fiber ithunyelwa ku-roller rolling ye-liquid ngebhande lokuhambisa nge-hopper, futhi igxilwe ngoketshezi lokudaya.Ngemva kokugoqwa yi-roller eyi-liquid rolling, ingena ku-steamer.Ngemuva kokushisa, yenza insipho nokugeza ngamanzi.
Umshini wokudaya we-Sliver
1. Umshini wokudaya ibhola loboya
Kungokwemishini yokudaya ngenqwaba, futhi ukwakheka kwayo okuyinhloko kufana nomshini wokudaya wohlobo lwesigubhu ngobuningi befayibha.Ngesikhathi sokudaya, faka inxeba le-strip ebholeni elingenalutho kusilinda bese uqinisa ikhava yesilinda.Ngaphansi kokushayela kwepompo ejikelezayo, uketshezi oludayayo lungena ebholeni loboya lusuka ngaphandle kwesilinda ngembobo yodonga, bese lugeleza luphuma engxenyeni engenhla yeshubhu emaphakathi enezimbotshana.Ukudaya kuyaphindwa kuze kuqedwe ukudaya.
2. Umshini wokudaya wephedi oqhubekayo oqhubekayo
Isakhiwo sifana nesomshini wokudaya we-fiber ngobuningi obuqhubekayo.Ibhokisi lesitimu ngokuvamile linomumo othi "J" ngemishini yokomisa.
Umshini wokudaya izintambo
1. Umshini wokudaya we-Hank
Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ithangi lokudaya lesikwele, isisekelo, ishubhu elithwala intambo kanye nephampu ejikelezayo.Okwemishini yokudaya ngezikhathi ezithile.Lengisa intambo ye-hank kushubhu yesiphathi sesekelo bese uyifaka ethangini lokudaya.Uketshezi oludayayo lugeleza ku-hank ngaphansi kokushayela kwephampu ejikelezayo.Kwamanye amamodeli, ithubhu yokuthwala intambo ingajikeleza kancane.Kunezimbobo ezincane odongeni lweshubhu, futhi uketshezi lukadayi luyakhishwa emigodini encane futhi lugeleze ku-hank.
(Umdwebo ohleliwe womshini wokudaya we-Hank)
2. Umshini wokudaya ikhoni
Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ithangi lokudaya eliyicylindrical, i-creel, ithangi lokugcina uketshezi kanye nephampu ejikelezayo.Okwemishini yokudaya ngenqwaba.Intambo iboshwe ngeshubhu lomhlanga oyicylindrical noma ishubhu le-conical elinezimbotshana bese ifakwa kumkhono onezimbotshana we-bobbin ethangini lokudaya.Uketshezi lukadayi lugelezela kumkhono onembobo we-bobbin ngepompo ejikelezayo, bese lugelezela ngaphandle lusuka engxenyeni engaphakathi yentambo ye-bobbin.Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ukugeleza okubuyela emuva kungenziwa.Isilinganiso sokugeza ukudaya ngokuvamile sicishe sibe ngu-10:1-5:1.
3. Umshini wokudaya we-warp
Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ithangi lokudaya eliyicylindrical, i-warp shaft, ithangi lokugcina uketshezi kanye nephampu ejikelezayo.Kuyinto imishini yokudaya inqwaba.Ekuqaleni yayisetshenziselwa ukudaya i-warp, manje isisetshenziselwa kabanzi ukudaya izindwangu ezivulekile, ikakhulukazi izindwangu ezinithiwe ze-fiber warp.Ngesikhathi sokudaya, intambo ye-warp noma indwangu iyalinyazwa ku-wap shaft engenalutho egcwele izimbobo bese ilayishwa ethangini lokudaya eliyicylindrical.Uketshezi oludayayo lugeleza kuntambo noma indwangu kushafti ye-warp engenalutho lusuka embotsheni encane ye-warp shaft engenalutho ngaphansi kwesenzo sepompo ejikelezayo, futhi ihlehlisa ukugeleza njalo.Umshini wokudaya we-warp ungase usetshenziselwe ukudaya ukukhanya nolwelwesi oluncaneizindwangu.
4. Ukudaya i-warp pad (ukudaywa kwe-pulp)
Ukudaya kwe-warp pad kusetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni nasekucubunguleni idenim nge-warp enemibala kanye ne-white weft.Iwukwethula inombolo ethile yamashafti azacile ethangini ngalinye lokudaya, nokuqaphela ukudaywa kodayi be-indigo (noma i-sulfide, ukunciphisa, eqondile, yokunameka) ngemva kokucwiliswa kaningi, ukugoqa okuningi, kanye ne-oxidation yokungenisa umoya kaningi.Ngemuva kokoma kwangaphambili kanye nokulinganisa, intambo ye-warp enombala ofanayo ingatholakala, engasetshenziswa ngokuqondile ukuluka.Ithangi lokudaya ngesikhathi sokudaya i-warp pad ingaba yinqwaba (umshini weshidi) noma owodwa (umshini wendandatho).Lo mshini osetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nokulinganisa ubizwa ngokuthi umshini wokudaya weshidi kanye nomshini ohlanganisiwe wokusika.
5. Umshini wokudaya intambo yesinkwa
Okufana nokudaywa kwe-fiber exekethile nentambo yesigaxa.
Umshini wokudaya izindwangu
Ngokuvumelana nokuma nezici zokudaya kwendwangu, ihlukaniswe yaba umshini wokudaya wezintambo, umshini wokudaya ama-roll, umshini wokudaya we-roll kanye nomshini wokudaya wephedi oqhubekayo.Ezintathu zokugcina zonke ziyimishini yokudaya eyisicaba.Izindwangu zoboya, izindwangu ezilukiwe kanye nezinye izindwangu ezigogeke kalula zidaywa ngemishini yokudaya izintambo ezixegayo, kuyilapho izindwangu zikakotini zidaywa kakhulu ngemishini yokudaya enobubanzi obuyisicaba.
1. Umshini wokudaya ngezintambo
Eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi isilinda ngaphandle kwemibhobho, yakhiwa ikakhulukazi ithangi lokudaya, i-roller yebhasikidi eyindilinga noma eyi-elliptical, futhi iyithuluzi lokudaya inqwaba.Ngesikhathi sokudaya, indwangu icwiliswa ekugezeni kokudaya ngendlela ekhululekile futhi egobile, iphakanyiswe yi-roller yebhasikidi ngokusebenzisa i-roller yomhlahlandlela wendwangu, bese iwela ebhodini lokudaya.Indwangu ixhunywe ikhanda nomsila futhi ijikeleza.Phakathi nenqubo yokudaya, indwangu icwiliswa ekugezeni kokudaya esimweni esikhululekile isikhathi esiningi, futhi ukungezwani kuncane.Isilinganiso sokugeza ngokuvamile singu-20:1 ~ 40:1.Ngenxa yokuthi ukugeza kukhulu ngokuqhathaniswa, isilinda esidonsayo manje sesiphelile.
Kusukela ngawo-1960, izinhlobo zemishini esanda kuthuthukiswa yomshini wokudaya izintambo zihlanganisa umshini wokudaya i-jet, umshini wokudaya ochichima okushisa ovamile, umshini wokudaya ogeleza komoya, njll. encane, ngakho-ke ilungele ukudaywa kwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi nezindwangu ezincane ze-batch zokwenziwa ze-fiber.Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ithangi lokudaya, i-ejector, ipayipi lomhlahlandlela wendwangu, isishintshi sokushisa kanye nephampu ejikelezayo.Ngesikhathi sokudaya, indwangu ixhunywe ikhanda nomsila.Indwangu iphakanyiswa ebhavini lokudaya nge-roller yomhlahlandlela wendwangu.Iqhutshwa epayipini lomhlahlandlela wendwangu ngokugeleza kwe-liquid ekhishwe yi-ejector.Bese iwela ebhavini lokudaya bese icwiliswa kubhavu wokudaya ngendlela ekhululekile futhi egobile bese iya phambili kancane.Indwangu iphinde iphakanyiswe yi-roller ye-cloth guide ukuze ijikeleze.Uketshezi oludayi luqhutshwa iphampu yamandla aphezulu, ludlula kwisishintshi sokushisa, futhi lusheshiswe yi-ejector.Isilinganiso sokugeza ngokuvamile singu-5:1 ~ 10:1.
Okulandelayo umdwebo wohlelo oluguquguqukayo wohlobo lwe-L, uhlobo lwe-O nohlobo lwe-U-uhlobo lwemishini yokudaya yejethi:
(O hlobo)
(L uhlobo)
(Uhlobo lwe-U)
(Umshini wokudaya ogeleza komoya)
2. Jigger
Kuyimishini yokudaya eyisicaba esenesikhathi eside.Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ithangi lokudaya, umqulu wendwangu kanye nomqulu womhlahlandlela wendwangu, okokusebenza kokudaya ngezikhathi ezithile.Indwangu iqale igaywe emgqeni wokuqala wendwangu ibe ububanzi obuyisicaba, bese igaywa komunye umqulu wendwangu ngemva kokudlula oketshezini lokudaya.Uma indwangu isizolimala, iphindiselwa kumqulu wokuqala wendwangu.Ukujika ngakunye kubizwa ngokuthi iphasi elilodwa, njalo njalo kuze kuqedwe ukudaya.Isilinganiso sokugeza ngokuvamile singu-3:1 ~ 5:1.Eminye imishini yokugezela ifakwe izinto zokulawula okuzenzakalelayo njengokushuba kwendwangu, ukujika nokugijima, okunganciphisa ukushuba kwendwangu futhi kunciphise umfutho wabasebenzi.Umfanekiso olandelayo uwukubuka kwesigaba kwejiga.
3. Umshini wokudaya we-roll
Kuyinhlanganisela yomshini wokudaya wobubanzi obuvulekile obuphakathi nendawo noqhubekayo.Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ngomshini wokucwilisa amanzi kanye negumbi lokufudumeza kanye negumbi lokufakwa ngaphakathi.Isigayo sokucwilisa sakhiwe ngemoto eginqikayo kanye nethangi eliwuketshezi.Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezimoto eziginqikayo: imiqulu emibili nemiqulu emithathu.Imiqulu ihlelwa phezulu naphansi noma kwesokunxele nakwesokudla.Ukucindezela phakathi kwemiqulu kungashintshwa.Ngemva kokuba indwangu icwiliswe oketshezini lokudaya ethangini eligoqayo, icindezelwa yi-roller.Uketshezi oludayayo lungena endwangwini, futhi uketshezi oludaya oludlulele lusageleza ethangini eligoqekayo.Indwangu ingena egunjini lokuhlanganisa futhi iboshwe ibe umqulu omkhulu kumqulu wendwangu.Ijikeleziswa kancane futhi ihlanganiswe isikhathi esithile ngaphansi kwezimo ezimanzi nezishisayo ukuze kancane kancane idaye i-fiber.Lo mshini ulungele inqwaba encane kanye nokudaya okubanzi okuvulekile okuhlukahlukene.Lolu hlobo lomshini wokudaya lusetshenziselwa ukudaya inqwaba yamaphedi abandayo emafektri amaningi, njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni esilandelayo:
4. Umshini wokudaya wephedi oqhubekayo
Kungumshini wokudaya oqhubekayo oyisicaba osebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ulungele imishini yokudaya yezinhlobo ezinkulu ze-batch.Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ngokugoqa idiphu, ukomiswa, ukushiswa ngesitimu noma ukubhaka, ukuwasha okuyisicaba namanye amayunithi.Imodi yokuhlanganiswa yomshini incike esimweni sedayi kanye nezimo zenqubo.I-Dip rolling ngokuvamile yenziwa izimoto eziginqikayo ezimbili noma ezintathu.Ukomiswa kushisiswe nge-infrared ray, umoya oshisayo noma isilinda esomile.Izinga lokushisa lokushisa kwe-infrared ray lifana, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kokumisa kuphansi.Ngemuva kokumisa, faka isitimu noma ubhake ukuze udaye ngokuphelele i-fiber, futhi ekugcineni ugeze insipho nensipho.Umshini wokudaya wephedi oqhubekayo oncibilikayo ulungele ukuhlakaza ukudaya kodayi.
Okulandelayo ishadi lokugeleza lomshini oqhubekayo wokudaya iphedi:
5. Umshini wokudaya izingubo
Umshini wokudaya ingubo ufanelekile inqwaba encane nezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethekile zokudaya izingubo, ezinezici zokuguquguquka, ukunethezeka kanye nesivinini.Umgomo umi kanje:
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-26-2021